Water 

The main sources of potable water for the people in the district include small town water systems, boreholes, and wells. The District has a total number of 5 small water system, 117 boreholes and 6 wells in about 250 communities. The other sources of drinking water included Oti River, River Dakar, dams and seasonal streams. The District potable water coverage as at 2009 is 37.90% but the table below shows the spatial coverage in terms of Town/Area Councils.

        Table 1.25: Water Facilities and Coverage

Area/Town Council    2010 Kpandai District Water Statistics

                            BH    HDW    PS    PPOP      POPC          COV
Kpandai                  21    3       28    11964      11541         96.46%
Lonto/Kpajai              0    0       0       9958          0            0.00%
Ketiejeli                   29    3       14    11627       9307        80.05%
Jambuoai                  6    0       8      18113       4200        23.19%
Nkanchina/Balai        31    0       0      14305      7299         51.02%
Ekumdi                    26    0      10     19213       8054         41.92%
Kabonwule                  4    0        0    24576       1200         4.88%
District Coverage       117    6       60    109756    41601        37.90%

Sanitation

The general sanitation situation in the district leaves much to be desired. There is only one approved final refuse disposal site at Kpandai which is about 4km. from District Capital. All other communities in the district have no approved sites for solid waste disposal.

They dump refuse indiscriminately.  Only the District Capital has a limited number of refuse containers for refuse disposal.

There are no sewage systems for disposing liquid waste as such; most of the people therefore resort to throwing their liquid waste around the surroundings of their houses and in gullies created by the erosion. 

These wastes get collected in these gullies and serve as the major grounds for the breeding of mosquitoes and other harmful insects that pose serious health hazards to the people.