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DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

Demographic Characteristics

Population is a significant dynamic that affects the development of the communities and Municipality as a whole. Therefore, in the drafting of the 2018 -2021 MTDP ; detailed analysis of the demographic characteristics of the Municipality was done . Emphasis was placed on the trajectory of population growth , projections , density and age structure of the population. In addition other demographic factors such as education, fertility and household sizes were also analyzed and the implications on development, service delivery and wellbeing.

The 2010 Population and Housing Census puts ABCMA’s resident population of the Municipality at 197,024. Using the censal population of 2010 and the population growth of the Municipality from 2000 to 2010 , the population growth was estimated at 6.75% annually . Therefore the Estimated population for the municipality as at 2017 was Two Hundred and Thirty Four Thousand, Nine Hundred and Sixty Six (243,966).

The population consist 117,352 males and126,614 females. The growth in the resident population of the Municipality is caused by natural growth by a highly fertile and youthful population and spurred by rapid migration from other parts of the country. The female population constitute (52.1%) whiles males formed (47.9%). Sex ratio is 92.7 ; which means that for every one male there are 1.4 females in the municipality.

In addition to this, there a high floating population who commute to the municipality daily for various socio-economic activities. This is estimated to be 180,000 people who commute daily .

While the relatively high population serves as a huge and vibrant market for investors, it also poses problem of sanitation and waste management, incidence of crimes as well as traffic jam especially during the peak hours of the day. The population figures above reflect the citizenry residing within the Metropolis. It is, therefore, estimated that duringthe peak hours, Accra host about 25% of the national population and has influx population of over on daily basis for economic activities. As an integral and functionally part of Accra the Municipality experiences the spillover of the migration into Accra .

The decline in agriculture in rural communities in Ghana and industrialization in urban regions coupled with the late 1980s and 1990s boom in the service sector in primate cities propelled immigration to Accra. The population growth rate of ABCMA is estimated to be 3.1% from 2010 . This is lower than the national and even the regional population growth rate of 4.1 %.

Population Projection

The population of the Municipality is projected to growth over the course of the four years of the MTDP. The growth in population will be driven by high fertility rate and migration. Table 2. shows the population projections from 2017 to 2021. The trend of population growth for the over the three years is progressive with a steady growth over the planned period .

Distribution and Density

With a land size of 13.28km2, and a population of 243,966, ABCMA is a very densely populated Municipality. The current Population density is estimated to be 18,371per Km2 and is projected to be 20,215 in 20121. High density of population as shown table 1 is very great pressure on the will put pressure on the existing facilities and will demand for direct efforts to meet the needs of the populace.

Population Distribution by Age and Gender

The Municipality like that of other urban center in the country has a very youthful with 56% of the population under the age of 25years. It will be realized from the age-sex ratio that 51.9% of the population are females and the rest 48.1% males. This gives a sex ratio of 1:1.04 males to females. The dominance of females over males is a reflection of the nationwide trend where the estimated ratio is 1:1.03. The need to target women in any development programme in the Metropolis can therefore not be overemphasized.

The youthful nature of the population is key feature of the demographic characteristic of the Municipal.

As shown in the population pyramid in in Figure 1.6 the majority of the population within the Municipality fall between the ages of 15-40 years .

Figure 1.10 : Population Pyramid

Youthful Population

As shown in table 1 the population of the Municipality is predominantly youthful with over three quarters of the population (78.8%) being below the age of 40 years. The youthful nature of the population presents both opportunities and challenges for the Municipality. While a youthful population could be the source of growth and innovation it needs to be prepared for that task through the provision of social services success such as education and health. Also there needs to be schemes to promote enterprise and increase productivity to provide employment opportunities for these young people. The observed large youth unemployment within the Municipality is a reflection of the gap in economic opportunities.

One demographic block that is of interest in the analysis of its implication is the group below the age 25 year is the age for education and training in preparation for the world of work. This group represents 51% of the population in 2018 and it is expected to grow to 52.8% in 2018. The implication is that the Municipality has to put in place strategies to ensure quality and relevant training to ensure that they have the required skills to be employed or set up their own businesses.

Age Dependency Ratio

The age-dependency ratio is often used as an indicator of the economic burden the productive portion of a population must carry—even though some people defined as “dependent” are producers and some people in the “productive” ages are economically dependent. Countries with very high birth rates usually have the high age-dependency ratios because of the large proportion of children in the population. Thus a high

dependency ratio will mean that there is a high burden on the economically active age group.

Table 1. indicates that, the age-dependency ratio for the Municipality is 98.7, which means, that for every 100 population of the working-age group (15-64), there are about 98 persons in the inactive age groups (0-14 and 65+) to cater for.

Migration

Migration is one of the components of population and its dynamics. The process of distribution of a population occurs through natural growth, urbanization and migration. This movement may be attributed to a number of factors such as demographic, geographical and socio-economic. Its measurement can be done in a number of ways. The 2010 PHC measured migration with respect to birthplace by duration of residence of

migrants in Ablekuma Central Municipality. The table depicts that the Municipality recorded 73,545 migrants out of which 14,625 were born elsewhere in the region where as the remaining 58,920 were born elsewhere in the other regions of Ghana.

With the duration of residence 19.9 percent of them have lived in the Municipality for 10- 19 years, 14.8 percent have resided for 20 year and above where as 30.7 percent have been living in the Municipality between 1-4 years and 15.4 percent are less than a year in the municipality. The implication is that out of a total population of 111,926 in the Ablekuma Central Municipality, 73,545 are immigrants. This means 67.7 percent of the constituents are emigrants while 34.3 percent are indigenes. Greater Accra Region has consistently been gaining population through migration. For example between 2000 and 2010; the region gained over one million people, the highest among all the regions of Ghana.

Ablekuma Central Municipality is a cosmopolitan Municipality which is one of the hubs for emigrant from other ECOWAS nations who come in search of jobs and other economic opportunities.

Household Characteristics and Housing

Table 1.17: Stock of Houses and Households

Date Created : 6/26/2025 12:00:00 AM